INBDE Orthodontics & Pediatric Dentistry practice questions

Question 1

An 8-year-old patient presents with the early loss of the mandibular primary second molars due to extensive caries. The dentist explains to the parent that the permanent first molars will likely shift mesially into the 'Leeway space.' Which teeth primarily contribute to the Leeway space in the mandibular arch?

Accepted Answer

The combined mesiodistal widths of the primary canine, first molar, and second molar versus the permanent canine and premolars.

Answer

The difference in width between the primary canine and first molar compared to their permanent successors.

Answer

The difference in width between the primary second molar and the permanent second premolar.

Answer

The space created by the lateral growth of the mandibular symphysis during the mixed dentition stage.

Question 2

A 13-year-old patient presents with a Class II malocclusion. Clinical examination reveals a convex facial profile, a retrusive chin, and a normal maxillary position relative to the cranial base. Cephalometric analysis confirms an ANB angle of 7 degrees and a small SNB angle. This malocclusion is best categorized as:

Accepted Answer

Skeletal Class II malocclusion due to mandibular deficiency

Answer

Dental Class II malocclusion

Answer

Skeletal Class II malocclusion due to maxillary excess

Answer

Skeletal Class III malocclusion with dental compensation

Question 3

During orthodontic treatment, a light continuous force of 50g is applied to a maxillary lateral incisor. Which of the following biological processes is most likely to occur in the periodontal ligament (PDL) on the compression side?

Accepted Answer

Frontal resorption by osteoclasts recruited from the PDL vasculature.

Answer

Formation of a hyalinized zone followed by undermining resorption.

Answer

Frontal resorption by osteoclasts derived from the marrow spaces.

Answer

Immediate bone deposition by osteoblasts to stabilize the tooth position.

Question 4

A 4-year-old child is scheduled for their first restorative appointment to treat a small occlusal lesion. The child appears slightly anxious but is communicative. The dentist explains the 'whirring' sound of the handpiece and demonstrates how it 'washes' a fingernail with water before using it in the mouth. This technique is known as:

Accepted Answer

Tell-Show-Do

Answer

Distraction

Answer

Voice control

Answer

Positive reinforcement

Question 5

A 7-year-old patient presents with a deep carious lesion on the mandibular primary second molar. Radiographic examination shows no periapical or furcation radiolucency. Upon excavation, a small mechanical exposure of the pulp occurs, and the pulp exhibits bright red hemorrhage that is easily controlled with a moist cotton pellet within 3 minutes. What is the indicated treatment?

Accepted Answer

Pulpotomy

Answer

Indirect pulp cap

Answer

Pulpectomy

Answer

Extraction

Question 6

A 5-year-old child lost their mandibular primary second molar due to trauma. The mandibular permanent first molar has not yet erupted. Which space maintainer is most appropriate for this clinical situation?

Accepted Answer

Distal shoe

Answer

Band and loop

Answer

Lower lingual holding arch

Answer

Nance appliance

Question 7

A 9-year-old patient presents with significant crowding. The dentist considers a serial extraction protocol. What is the traditional sequence of tooth removal in this procedure?

Accepted Answer

Primary canines, then primary first molars, then permanent first premolars.

Answer

Primary first molars, then primary second molars, then permanent first premolars.

Answer

Primary canines, then primary first molars, then primary second molars.

Answer

Permanent first premolars, then primary canines, then primary first molars.

Question 8

An 8-year-old presents with a localized anterior crossbite involving the maxillary permanent central incisors. The patient has a Class I molar relationship and a straight profile. What is the most likely etiology and recommended management?

Accepted Answer

Dental malocclusion; early intervention with a removable appliance or limited fixed brackets.

Answer

Skeletal Class III malocclusion; referral for orthognathic surgery.

Answer

Mandibular hypertrophy; observation until growth is complete.

Answer

Normal developmental stage; no treatment as the eruptive force will correct the position.

Question 9

In a 6-year-old patient, a primary mandibular second molar has been treated with a pulpectomy. Which of the following is the most appropriate final restoration?

Accepted Answer

Stainless steel crown

Answer

Multi-surface amalgam

Answer

Resin-modified glass ionomer

Answer

Composite resin

Question 10

A 7-year-old patient presents with the permanent maxillary first molar erupting into the distal aspect of the primary second molar, causing localized resorption. This condition is known as:

Accepted Answer

Ectopic eruption

Answer

Ankylosis

Answer

Transposition

Answer

Impacted eruption

INBDE Orthodontics & Pediatric Dentistry practice questions

During orthodontic treatment, a light continuous force of 50g is applied to a maxillary lateral incisor. Which of the following biological processes is most likely to occur in the periodontal ligament (PDL) on the compression side?

A 5-year-old child lost their mandibular primary second molar due to trauma. The mandibular permanent first molar has not yet erupted. Which space maintainer is most appropriate for this clinical situation?

A 9-year-old patient presents with significant crowding. The dentist considers a serial extraction protocol. What is the traditional sequence of tooth removal in this procedure?

An 8-year-old presents with a localized anterior crossbite involving the maxillary permanent central incisors. The patient has a Class I molar relationship and a straight profile. What is the most likely etiology and recommended management?

In a 6-year-old patient, a primary mandibular second molar has been treated with a pulpectomy. Which of the following is the most appropriate final restoration?

A 7-year-old patient presents with the permanent maxillary first molar erupting into the distal aspect of the primary second molar, causing localized resorption. This condition is known as:

The first 10 are free. 4 more below.

When applying heavy orthodontic forces, a 'lag phase' occurs in tooth movement. This phase is characterized by:

A 10-year-old patient has a total of 4mm of crowding in the mandibular arch. The primary second molars are still present and are clinically stable. Which of the following is the most conservative management strategy to resolve the crowding?

A 3-year-old child presents with 'nursing bottle caries' (Early Childhood Caries). Which teeth are typically the last to be affected in this pattern?

A primary mandibular first molar shows radiographic evidence of furcation involvement and internal root resorption. The child is 5 years old. What is the most appropriate management?